Saturday, May 28, 2011

Nepenthes L and Classification (marsupial plant)




The Nepenthes a carnivorous plant (insect eaters) who mostly found in forest areas in Asia, popularly known as tropical pitcher plants or monkey cups, are a genus of carnivorous plants in the monotypic family Nepenthaceae. They are mostly liana-forming plants of the Old World tropics, ranging from South China, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines; westward to Madagascar and the Seychelles ; southward to Australia and New Caledonia; and northward to India and Sri Lanka . The greatest diversity occurs on Borneo and Sumatra with many endemic species.  Approximately 82 species in the world, 64 species live in Indonesiabut now 32 species recorded live hidup.berikut one of them:

Nepenthes Bicalcarata  
Nepenthes aristolochioides
Nepenthes jacquelineae
Nepenthes Rafflesiana
Nepenthes northiana
Classification of Nepenthes
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Core eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Nepenthaceae

Genus: Nepenthes
L.

Part of Naphentes

The most obvious interaction between Nepenthes species and its environment, including other organisms, is that of predator and prey. Nepenthes species certainly attract and kill their prey, albeit passively, through active production of attractive colours, sugary nectar, and even sweet scents. From this relationship, the plants primarily gain nitrogen and phosphorus to supplement their nutrient requirements for growth, given that soil nutrients are typically lacking. The most frequent prey is an abundant and diverse group of arthropods, with ants and other insects topping the menu. Other arthropods that are found frequently include spiders, scorpions, and centipedes, while snails and frogs are more unusual but not unheard of. The most uncommon prey for Nepenthes species includes rats found in N. rajah. The composition of prey captured depends on many factors, including location, but can incorporate hundreds of individual insects and many different species. While many Nepenthes are generalists in what they capture, at least one, N. albomarginata, has specialised and almost exclusively traps termites and produces nearly no nectar. Nepenthes albomarginata gains its name from the ring of white trichomes that are directly beneath the peristome. These trichomes—or "hairs"—are palatable to termites and will attract them to the pitcher. In the course of collecting the edible trichomes, hundreds or thousands of termites will fall into the pitcher.


Habitat: forest peat and heath forest at an altitude of 0-1200m above sea level.
characteristics:
trunk: <15m, diammeter <10mm, cylindrical shape
leaves: thick-stemmed, length <20cm, width <5cm


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